Bonus and Commission Structures in New Zealand

If you’re running a small business, it’s normal to want a simple way to reward great performance without locking yourself into fixed costs you can’t sustain.

That’s where bonus and commission structures come in. Done well, they can help you attract strong candidates, motivate your team, and keep everyone focused on the right outcomes. Done poorly, they can create payroll blowouts, disputes at termination time, and awkward “but you promised” conversations that chew up your time (and cash).

This guide breaks down how bonus and commission structures generally work in New Zealand, the legal and practical issues to watch for, and how to document them so you’re protected from day one.

Note: This article is general information only and isn’t legal, tax or accounting advice. Incentives can have PAYE, KiwiSaver and payroll reporting implications, and different businesses structure these arrangements differently - so it’s a good idea to get tailored legal advice and check the tax/payroll treatment with your accountant or payroll provider.

What Are Bonus And Commission Structures (And How Are They Different)?

People often lump bonuses and commissions together, but they can operate very differently in practice. Understanding that difference is the first step to choosing the right model for your business.

Commission: Usually Formula-Based And Tied To Sales

Commission is commonly a percentage (or fixed amount) paid when a staff member generates revenue or achieves a sales outcome. It’s usually:

Objective: based on a clear formula (e.g. 10% of sales closed and paid for).
Regular: often calculated weekly, fortnightly, or monthly.
Expected: employees may treat it as part of their ordinary earnings if it’s consistently paid.

Because commission often becomes “baked in” to how someone understands their pay, it needs to be documented carefully, including what happens when a customer cancels, delays payment, or requests a refund.

In many cases, it can be worth using an Commission Agreement (or commission schedule) alongside your employment documentation, especially if you have multiple products, changing rates, or team-based incentives.

Bonus: Often Discretionary Or KPI-Based

Bonuses are typically a one-off (or periodic) reward, commonly:

annual performance bonuses
project completion bonuses
profit-share style bonuses
retention or sign-on bonuses

A key legal and practical question is whether the bonus is:

Guaranteed (if certain conditions are met), or
Discretionary (you decide whether to pay it and/or how much).

Small wording differences can have a big impact. If a bonus is described in a way that creates a genuine entitlement, it may be treated as wages/earnings that must be paid when the conditions are met. Also, even where you reserve discretion, you generally still need to exercise it in good faith and not in an arbitrary or misleading way.

Incentives Can Also Be “Hybrid”

Many businesses use a blended approach, such as:

a base salary plus commission
a base salary plus quarterly KPI bonus
tiered commission plus an extra bonus when targets are exceeded

Hybrid models can work really well, but they need extra clarity so you don’t end up paying twice for the same outcome (or arguing later about what “counts”).

What NZ Employment Laws Affect Bonus And Commission Structures?

In New Zealand, your bonus and commission structures don’t exist in a vacuum. They sit within your broader employment obligations and must be managed in a way that’s lawful, fair, and consistent with the employment agreement.

Employment Agreements And The Duty Of Good Faith

New Zealand employment relationships are underpinned by a general duty of good faith. In practice, this means you should be transparent and not mislead employees about how incentives work.

If you’re promising “uncapped commission” but your internal process routinely declines payouts, that can quickly become a problem. The safest approach is to document the rules clearly and follow them consistently.

For most businesses, the right place to anchor pay arrangements is an Employment Contract (plus a commission/bonus schedule if the detail is too long for the main agreement).

Minimum Wage And Pay Period Compliance

Even if you’re paying commission, you still need to ensure employees receive at least the minimum wage for all hours worked in the relevant pay period.

This is a common trap in “commission-only” arrangements. If you’re considering commission-only pay, you’ll want tailored advice first, because the structure, record keeping, and risk profile can be very different from a standard salary-plus-commission model.

Deductions, Clawbacks, And “Negative Commission” Issues

Many employers want the right to “claw back” commission if a customer cancels or doesn’t pay. That can be reasonable, but you need to structure it carefully.

As a general rule, you can’t just make deductions from wages whenever you feel like it. If your commission model involves deductions, set-off, or adjustments, you’ll want very clear written terms, the right authorisations, and a process that’s fair and lawful (including compliance with the Wages Protection Act 1983, where relevant).

Holidays And Leave Entitlements (And How Incentives Interact)

Leave calculations can get complicated when employees receive variable pay like commission. This is one reason why it’s important to have a consistent system for recording commission payments and describing how and when they’re earned.

If you’re not sure whether commission should be treated as part of “ordinary weekly pay” or “average weekly earnings” for Holidays Act purposes in a given scenario, it’s worth getting advice early. These issues often show up at termination time (when you’re trying to finalise everything quickly).

Privacy And Performance Data

Many bonus and commission structures rely on tracking performance data (sales pipeline, conversion rates, customer call recordings, GPS tracking, app-based metrics, and more). If you’re collecting and using employee performance data, it’s smart to align this with your broader privacy practices and workplace policies, particularly if you’re using digital monitoring tools.

How Do You Design Bonus And Commission Structures That Actually Work?

From a small business perspective, the best incentive structure is one that:

is easy to explain
is easy to administer
drives the behaviour you actually want
doesn’t create unexpected cost blowouts
holds up if someone challenges it

Here are the key design decisions to make.

1) Decide What “Success” Means In Your Business

Start with the outcome you want to reward. For example:

revenue received (not just invoiced)
gross profit (not just sales volume)
new customer acquisition
retention / renewals
quality metrics (e.g. low refund rate)

A common mistake is to reward a metric that looks good on paper but harms the business (e.g. rewarding “sales signed” when your cashflow depends on “sales paid”).

2) Choose The Trigger Point: When Is It Earned?

This is one of the most important legal and operational choices in bonus and commission structures: when does the entitlement arise?

For commission, common “earned” triggers include:

when the customer signs
when the invoice is issued
when payment is received in full
after a cooling-off or refund period

For bonuses, common triggers include:

achieving KPIs for the quarter/year
successful completion of a project milestone
profitability thresholds

Whatever you choose, make it explicit. Vague language is where disputes come from.

3) Define The Measurement Period And Payment Timing

You’ll want to clearly set out:

measurement period (e.g. monthly, quarterly, annually)
payment date (e.g. paid in the next payroll after month-end)
timing adjustments (e.g. paid once the customer has paid)

It’s also worth thinking about cashflow. Some businesses structure commission as “accruing” monthly but “payable” only when accounts are paid, which can reduce risk when customers default.

4) Be Clear On What’s Included (And Excluded)

Spell out what counts towards commission or bonus calculations, such as:

GST-inclusive vs GST-exclusive amounts
discounts and promotions
bundled products
delivery fees
refunds, chargebacks, and credits
territory or account ownership rules

If two staff members touch the same deal (e.g. one generates the lead and another closes it), decide upfront whether you’ll split commission and how.

5) Set Guardrails: Caps, Thresholds, And Adjustments

Guardrails aren’t about being “stingy”. They’re about making sure your incentive scheme remains sustainable and predictable.

Common guardrails include:

thresholds (e.g. commission only applies after $X in monthly sales)
tiers (e.g. 5% up to $20k, then 8% above that)
caps (used carefully, and communicated upfront)
quality gates (e.g. no commission on sales that breach credit policy)

Also think about what happens if you restructure roles or territories, or if you need to change the scheme later. If you reserve a right to change the scheme, it still needs to be exercised fairly and consistently with the employment agreement.

How Should You Document Bonus And Commission Structures In Employment Agreements?

The goal isn’t to create a 40-page document that no one reads. It’s to make sure the key rules are clear, enforceable, and consistent with how you actually run payroll.

Put The Foundations In The Employment Contract

At a minimum, your employment agreement should clearly cover:

base salary or wage
whether the role is eligible for commission and/or bonus
where the detailed scheme is set out (e.g. a schedule, policy, or separate agreement)
any important eligibility conditions (e.g. must be employed on payment date)
how disputes about calculations will be handled

Having a well-drafted Employment Contract is especially important when you’re hiring your first sales employee or introducing incentives for the first time.

Use A Commission Schedule Or Separate Agreement For The Detail

Commission plans often change (new products, new margins, new targets). You can reduce admin pain by putting detailed commission rules in a separate document that’s referenced in the employment agreement.

That said, be careful: if you change a commission scheme, you may still need employee agreement depending on how the change affects their earnings and what your contract allows. “We updated the spreadsheet” isn’t the same as a valid contractual variation.

Where the structure is complex, an Employee Commission Agreement can help you lock in the key terms in a cleaner way.

Be Very Clear If A Bonus Is Discretionary

If you intend for a bonus to be discretionary, you need to use words (and processes) that match that intention. You’ll also want to avoid creating an implied promise by consistently paying the “discretionary” bonus in the same way every year without clear caveats.

In practice, you may choose to make:

the decision to pay discretionary (e.g. subject to company performance), and/or
the amount discretionary (e.g. up to X%), and/or
the criteria partly discretionary (e.g. includes a manager rating)

The more discretion you keep, the more important it is to apply it consistently and in good faith - and to ensure the written terms don’t accidentally create an enforceable entitlement.

Plan For Resignations And Terminations Upfront

One of the most common dispute areas is what happens to commission/bonuses when someone resigns or is terminated.

It’s worth setting out rules for:

commission on deals in progress
commission where the customer pays after the employee leaves
bonuses where the measurement period hasn’t finished
what happens if the employee is on notice (including garden leave, if applicable)

If employment ends and you’re paying out notice rather than having the employee work it, the paperwork should match what you’re doing in practice. This is where payment in lieu of notice can become relevant, because it may affect how you treat “active employment” eligibility conditions for incentives.

Common Mistakes Employers Make (And How To Avoid Them)

Most incentive issues aren’t caused by bad intentions. They usually come from rushed hiring, informal promises, or plans that were never designed to survive real-world edge cases.

Making Verbal Promises During Recruitment

It’s easy to say, “Don’t worry, you’ll earn great commission,” or “We usually pay a bonus if you hit target.” But if expectations are set during recruitment and the written terms don’t match, you’re setting yourself up for conflict.

A simple fix: keep recruitment discussions high-level, then confirm the actual scheme in writing before the employee starts.

Not Defining What Happens With Refunds, Cancellations, Or Bad Debt

If your business offers refunds (or customers can cancel), you need a clear position on whether commission is:

not payable until the refund period passes, or
payable upfront but adjusted later, or
clawed back if refunded

Whatever you choose, the key is consistency. If you handle it “case-by-case”, you’ll likely end up with claims of unfairness later.

Changing The Structure Without Proper Process

Small businesses evolve quickly. You might need to change commission rates, introduce caps, or revise KPIs.

But if you change an incentive scheme that an employee relies on, you need to handle it carefully. A sudden change (especially without consultation) can create legal risk and damage trust, even if your intention is simply to protect margins.

This is particularly important if you’re also changing hours, roles, or team capacity at the same time. For example, if you reduce someone’s hours and also change their commission opportunity, you’ll want to think holistically about the impact and process (and reducing staff hours should be handled carefully and lawfully).

Using Incentives As A Shortcut For Performance Management

Incentives can encourage performance, but they’re not a replacement for proper management.

If someone isn’t meeting expectations, you still need a fair process to address performance issues. A well-run performance management process can help you set expectations, document support and feedback, and reduce the risk of disputes.

Overcomplicating The Scheme

If your commission plan requires three spreadsheets, a manual override, and an “exceptions” email thread every payroll, it will eventually break.

A good rule of thumb: if you can’t explain how commission is calculated in a few minutes, it’s probably too complex for a small business (or at least needs better documentation and systems).

Key Takeaways

Bonus and commission structures can be a powerful way to reward performance, but they need to be designed around your business goals (not just industry norms).
Commission is usually formula-based and can start to feel like “expected earnings”, so you should be very clear about when it is earned and payable.
Bonuses should be drafted carefully to reflect whether they are discretionary or guaranteed, and any discretion should be exercised consistently and in good faith.
Your incentive scheme should clearly address practical edge cases like refunds, cancellations, bad debts, and situations where multiple staff are involved in one sale.
Document incentives properly in an employment agreement and/or a commission schedule so there’s no mismatch between what’s promised and what’s paid.
Plan ahead for resignations and terminations, including how you’ll treat commission in progress and bonuses spanning a measurement period.
If you need to change an incentive structure, do it carefully and transparently, because sudden changes can create legal risk and harm trust.

If you’d like help putting the right bonus and commission structures in place (or reviewing an existing plan), you can reach us at 0800 002 184 or team@sprintlaw.co.nz for a free, no-obligations chat.

Bonus And Commission Structures In New Zealand: Employer Guide